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焊接缺陷与检验（welding defects and inspection）1、 焊接缺陷在焊接过程中，由于受到材质、结构、工艺、操作等因素的影响，焊接接头区域常产生各种各样的缺陷，这些缺陷将直接影响焊接接头的使用寿命和安全。（For the effect of materials,constructure,procedure,operation and so on, the welding joint zone usually has all kinds of welding defects during welding, which will affect the using period and security of joint directly.）1.1焊接缺陷的分类⑴ 外部缺陷：咬边、焊瘤、弧坑、表面气孔、表面裂纹。 External defects: undercut,overip,arc pit, gas cavity in surface,crack in surface.⑵ 内部缺陷：未焊透、未熔合、夹渣、气孔、裂纹、过热。 Internal defects:lack of penetration,lack of fusion,slag,gas pole,carck,overheating.2、 焊接检验2.1 焊接检验的主要内容：⑴ 焊前检验：preweld inspection⑵ 焊接过程检验：inspection during welding⑶ 焊后检验：postweld inspection.2.2 非破坏性试验 undestructive test⑴ 外观检验：visual test ⑵ 致密性试验：airtightness test① 渗透试验：penetration test② 水压试验：pressure test of water③ 气压试验：pressure test of atomsphere⑶ 无损探伤：non-destructive test① 射线探伤：radiograph test② 超声波探伤: ultrasonic test③ 磁粉探伤: magnetic test④ 渗透探伤:penetration test2.3 破坏性试验：destructive test⑴ 断口检查：cross gap examination⑵ 钻孔检查：drilling test⑶ 机械性能测试：machinery test① 高温拉伸试验：tensile test in high temperature② 冷弯试验：cold bend test③ 冲击试验：impact test⑷ 化学分析试验：chemical analyse test ⑸ 金相试验：[I]meta[/I]llographic test① 宏观检验：macro test② 微观检验：micro test⑹ 腐蚀试验：corrosive test待序.......
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发表于 2021-11-17 18:08:20
